Length[expr]Length of a list:
Length[{1, 2, 3}]
Length operates on the FullForm of expressions:
Length[Exp[x]]
FullForm[Exp[x]]
The length of atoms is 0:
Length[a]
Note that rational and complex numbers are atoms, although theirFullForm might suggest the opposite:
Length[1/3]
FullForm[1/3]